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Receptor Specificity and Cellular Entry of Human Rhinoviruses

Receptor Specificity and Cellular Entry of Human Rhinoviruses

Paperback

Biology

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ISBN10: 3639282337
ISBN13: 9783639282337
Publisher: Blues Kids Of Amer
Published: Aug 26 2010
Pages: 140
Weight: 0.47
Height: 0.33 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: English
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs), the major cause of the common cold, are classified into two groups on the basis of receptor specificity. Minor group HRVs use members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) super-family while major group types bind to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Here we provide evidence that there is a increasing trend for the involvement of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans as an alternate receptor. Concerning virus entry, where minor group HRVs depend on clathrin-mediated endocytosis, the pathway of major group HRVs and that of HS-binding viruses is largely unknown. Combining immunofluorescence technique with electron microscopy, dominant negative mutants and pharmacological inhibitor assays, we demonstrate that the major group virus (HRV14) enters via dynamin- independent macropinocytosis into RD-ICAM cells whereas virus entry into RD cells via HS exhibits similar characteristics with respect to co- localization with endocytic markers and pharmacological inhibitor profiles. However, this virus entry is dependent on functional dynamin and viruses accumulate in comparatively larger vesicular structures.

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