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Durable Resistance in Crops

Durable Resistance in Crops

Paperback

Series: NATO Science Series A:, Book 55

AgricultureBotany & Horticulture

ISBN10: 1461593077
ISBN13: 9781461593072
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: Jul 4 2012
Pages: 464
Weight: 1.63
Height: 0.94 Width: 6.69 Depth: 9.61
Language: English
Plant diseases and pests are a major constraint to agricultural production despite the various measures used to control them. Chemical control, although often e ective, may pose environmental hazards and is relatively expensive, especially in developing countries where it may be completely uneconomic. Control through genetically mediated resistance to diseases and pests, is both cheap and environmentally sa e and at present most diseases and pests o staple ood crops are controlled through some form of resistance. One of the basic problems in the use of resistance is its re- quent lack of durability; very often a type of resistance is used that 'breaks down' after a certain period. The temporary nature of this resistance, due to the development of new strains of pest or pathogen able to overcome it, has seriously hindered the improvement o the yield potential of many crops as a continuing effort is needed to replace old cultivars who resistance has failed, with new ones. Following Vanderplank's now classical publications (1963, 1968) which differentiated horizontal and vertical resistance, studies on several host-parasite systems have shown that di ferent types of resistance can be distinguished genetically and epidemiologically, and on the ability o the pests or pathogens to adapt to them. A knowledge of how resistance operates at the population level has also opened up possibilities of 'managing' relatively simple resistance types in such a way that a stable host-pathogen system can be pro- duced with a minimum of crop loss.

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