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Young Folks' History of Rome
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Publisher: Martes
Pages: 204
Weight: 0.62
Height: 0.43 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: English
ITALY.
I
am going to tell you next about the most famous nation in the world.
Going westward from Greece another peninsula stretches down into the
Mediterranean. The Apennine Mountains run like a limb stretching out of
the Alps to the south eastward, and on them seems formed that land, shaped
somewhat like a leg, which is called Italy.
Round the streams that flowed down from these hills, valleys of fertile soil
formed themselves, and a great many different tribes and people took up
their abode there, before therewas any history to explain their coming. Putting
together what can be proved about them, it is plain, however, that most of
them came of that old stock from which the Greeks descended, and to which
we belong ourselves, and they spoke a language which had the same root as
ours and as the Greek. From one of these nations the best known form of
this, as it was polished in later times, was called Latin, from the tribe who
spoke it.
About the middle of the peninsula there runs down, westward from the
Apennines, a river called the Tiber, flowing rapidly between seven low hills,
3 CHARLOTTE M. (CHARLOTTE MARY) YONGE
which recede as it approaches the sea. One, in especial, called the Palatine
Hill, rose separately, with a flat top and steep sides, about four hundred yards
from the river, and girdled in by the other six. This was the place where the
great Roman power grew up from beginnings, the truth of which cannot
now be discovered.
There were several nations living round these hills-the Etruscans, Sabines,
and Latins being the chief. The homes of these nations seem to have been
in the valleys round the spurs of the Apennines, where they had farms and
fed their flocks; but above them was always the hill which they had fortified
as strongly as possible, and where they took refuge if their enemies attacked
them. The Etruscans built very mighty walls, and also managed the drainage
of their cities wonderfully well. Many of their works remain to this day,
and, in especial, their monuments have been opened, and the tomb of each
chief has been found, adorned with figures of himself, half lying, half sitting;
also curious pottery in red and black, from which something of their lives
and ways is to be made out. They spoke a different language from what
has become Latin, and they had a different religion, believing in one great
Soul of theWorld, and also thinking much of rewards and punishments after
death. But we know hardly anything about them, except that their chiefs
were called Lucumos, and that they once had a wide power which they had
lost before the time of history. The Romans called them Tusci, and Tuscany
still keeps its name.
The Latins and the Sabines were more alike, and also more like the Greeks.
There were a great many settlements of Greeks in the southern parts of Italy,
and they learnt something from them. They had a great many gods. Every
house had its own guardian. These were called Lares, or Penates, and were
generally represented as little figures of dogs lying by the hearth, or as brass
bars with dogs' heads. This is the reason that the bars which close in an open
hearth are still called dogs. Whenever there was a meal in the house the mas-
ter began by pouring out wine to the Lares, and also to his own ancestors,
of whom he kept figures; for these natives thought much of their families,
4 CHARLOTTE M. (CHARLOTTE MARY) YONGE
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