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Kauczuk, przymusowa praca i terror
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ISBN10: 6209921582
ISBN13: 9786209921582
Publisher: Wydawnictwo Nasza Wiedza
Published: Apr 23 2026
Pages: 64
Weight: 0.22
Height: 0.15 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Polish
ISBN13: 9786209921582
Publisher: Wydawnictwo Nasza Wiedza
Published: Apr 23 2026
Pages: 64
Weight: 0.22
Height: 0.15 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Polish
Badanie przedstawia system przymusowej pracy i terroru związanego z kauczukiem, stosowany przez belgijskiego króla Leopolda II w Niezależnym Państwie Konga (terytorium obecnej Demokratycznej Republiki Konga, noszące wówczas nazwę Zair) w latach 1885-1908. Celem bylo rozwinięcie eksportu i eksploatacji kauczuku. Jednakże zbiór tego produktu odbywal się przy użyciu przemocy. W ten sposób lokalni pracownicy byli rekrutowani i zmuszani do niewolniczej pracy w celu zebrania niezbędnych ilości kauczuku, pozostając calkowicie zdani na laskę i kaprysy urzędników Państwa Niezależnego Konga, pod groźbą surowych kar, takich jak amputacja rąk. Przyjmując politykę monopolu w tym handlu, wydal kilka ustaw, które uczynily Kongo gospodarstwem rolnym na rzecz korony i osobistej wlasności króla. Od 1892 r. wprowadzil on system pańszczyzny wobec ludności, znany później jako terror kauczuku; ten system wyzysku spowodowal miliony ofiar śmiertelnych i okaleczonych na przelomie XIX i XX wieku.
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