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Fair Division and Collective Welfare

Fair Division and Collective Welfare

Paperback

Economics

ISBN10: 0262633116
ISBN13: 9780262633116
Publisher: MIT Press
Published: Aug 20 2004
Pages: 289
Weight: 0.96
Height: 0.60 Width: 6.60 Depth: 8.72
Language: English
The concept of fair division is as old as civil society itself. Aristotle's equal treatment of equals was the first step toward a formal definition of distributive fairness. The concept of collective welfare, more than two centuries old, is a pillar of modern economic analysis. Reflecting fifty years of research, this book examines the contribution of modern microeconomic thinking to distributive justice. Taking the modern axiomatic approach, it compares normative arguments of distributive justice and their relation to efficiency and collective welfare.

The book begins with the epistemological status of the axiomatic approach and the four classic principles of distributive justice: compensation, reward, exogenous rights, and fitness. It then presents the simple ideas of equal gains, equal losses, and proportional gains and losses. The book discusses three cardinal interpretations of collective welfare: Bentham's utilitarian proposal to maximize the sum of individual utilities, the Nash product, and the egalitarian leximin ordering. It also discusses the two main ordinal definitions of collective welfare: the majority relation and the Borda scoring method.

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Economics