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La Liberté négative: Usages et critiques
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ISBN10: 2705695222
ISBN13: 9782705695224
Publisher: Hermann
Published: Mar 22 2018
Pages: 240
Weight: 0.66
Height: 0.55 Width: 5.50 Depth: 8.25
Language: French
ISBN13: 9782705695224
Publisher: Hermann
Published: Mar 22 2018
Pages: 240
Weight: 0.66
Height: 0.55 Width: 5.50 Depth: 8.25
Language: French
Dans Deux conceptions de la liberté (paru en 1958), Isaiah Berlin propose de distinguer deux grandes conceptions de la liberté politique une conception négative, définissant la liberté comme absence d'interférences extérieures, trouvant sa source chez Hobbes et Bentham; et une conception positive, définissant la liberté comme réalisation de son moi authentique, et plongeant ses racines dans la philosophie ancienne, en particulier chez les stoïciens. Berlin défend la supériorité de la première, soutenant qu'elle seule est compatible avec le pluralisme des valeurs, et critique sévèrement la seconde, dont la défense conduit selon lui à justifier les pires formes de despotisme.
Dès sa parution, le texte a suscité des débats importants; le présent volume s'inscrit dans ce cadre. Les contributeurs se concentrent en particulier sur deux points le concept de liberté négative, dont ils montrent qu'il n'a pas l'évidence et l'univocité que Berlin lui prête; et la pertinence de la distinction opérée par Berlin, dont il n'est pas évident qu'elle résiste à des analyses informées par les sciences sociales.
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