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La Guerre civile
Paperback
Ancient RomeGeneral Political Science
ISBN13: 9782379760167
Publisher: Prodinnova
Published: Feb 8 2019
Pages: 140
Weight: 0.47
Height: 0.33 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: French
La guerre civile de César, appelée aussi guerre civile romaine de 49 av. J.-C. ou guerre civile entre César et Pompée, est un des derniers conflits intérieurs de la République romaine, et fait partie de la liste des nombreuses guerres civiles romaines. Elle a consisté en une série de heurts politiques et militaires entre Jules César, ses alliés politiques et ses légions d'une part, et la faction conservatrice du Sénat romain, appelée aussi optimates, épaulée par les légions de Pompée d'autre part.
Nombre d'historiens s'accordent à dire que la guerre civile fut la conséquence logique d'un long processus de crise des institutions politiques de la République, qui commença par le désastreux échec des réformes tentées par Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, et se poursuivit par la réforme de l'armée de Caius Marius, qui firent des légions des unités entièrement dévouées à leur général. Le processus s'accéléra avec la dictature de Lucius Cornelius Sylla et enfin le Premier triumvirat. Que cette analyse soit plus ou moins correcte, ces événements n'en ébranlèrent pas moins les fondements de la République, et il est clair que César tourna habilement en sa faveur l'opportunité offerte par la décadence des institutions.
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