Descartes Et La Chimie
Paperback
Series: Mathesis
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ISBN10: 2711623300
ISBN13: 9782711623303
Publisher: Librarie Philosophique J. Vrin
Published: May 2 2011
Pages: 256
Weight: 0.65
Height: 0.60 Width: 5.40 Depth: 8.40
Language: French
ISBN13: 9782711623303
Publisher: Librarie Philosophique J. Vrin
Published: May 2 2011
Pages: 256
Weight: 0.65
Height: 0.60 Width: 5.40 Depth: 8.40
Language: French
Bien qu'il n'y ait consacre aucun ouvrage, Descartes s'interessait a la chimie de son temps, qui s'appelait aussi alchimie. On a souvent oublie cet aspect de ses recherches scientifiques, alors que les questions de chimie trouvent leur place dans Les meteores de 1637 et constituent l'essentiel de la quatrieme partie des Principes de la philosophie. Pour autant, loin de vouloir donner a la chimie le statut d'une science comparable a la mecanique ou a la medecine, Descartes s'est plutot employe a reduire les operations de la chimie a celles de la mecanique, contestant ainsi la specificite des operations et des concepts de la chimie de son temps. Le systeme cartesien ne pouvait en effet se satisfaire ni des esprits de la chimie, au statut ambigu entre matiere et pensee, ni des principes paracelsiens, Mercure, Soufre et Sel, qui n'avaient d'autre consistance que les proprietes sensibles qu'ils manifestaient. Se pose alors la question de la possibilite d'une chimie cartesienne. Le corpuscularisme de chimistes comme Robert Boyle ou Nicolas Lemery s'inspire davantage de la tradition alchimique et des recherches chimiques de l'epoque que du cartesianisme. C'est en defendant son autonomie a l'egard de la physique et de la medecine que la chimie a pu se developper dans la seconde partie du XVIIe siecle et au XVIIIe siecle, en se presentant comme une science empirique se defiant de tout presuppose metaphysique. L'influence cartesienne semble alors s'evanouir au fur et a mesure que se developpe la chimie.
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