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Candide: ou l'optimisme
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ISBN10: 1508876843
ISBN13: 9781508876847
Publisher: Createspace
Published: Mar 15 2015
Pages: 98
Weight: 0.31
Height: 0.20 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: French
ISBN13: 9781508876847
Publisher: Createspace
Published: Mar 15 2015
Pages: 98
Weight: 0.31
Height: 0.20 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: French
Cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans un débat important du xviiie siècle sur le fatalisme et l'existence du Mal. Depuis longtemps déjà , Voltaire est farouchement opposé aux idées du philosophe Leibniz au sujet de Dieu, du principe de raison suffisante et son idée d' harmonie préétablie . Il est d'autant plus véhément que sa maitresse, pour laquelle il éprouvait beaucoup d'admiration, Émilie du Châtelet (morte 10 ans plus tôt, en 1749) était une leibnizienne convaincue. Pour Leibniz, Dieu est parfait, le monde ne peut pas l'être mais Dieu l'a créé le meilleur possible. Le mal existe ponctuellement, mais il est compensé ailleurs par un bien infiniment grand. De plus, selon Leibniz, rien n'arrive sans qu'il n'y ait à cela une cause nécessaire. Cette croyance est ce que l'on appelle l'optimisme leibnizien.
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