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  • Open Daily: 10am - 10pm
    Alley-side Pickup: 10am - 7pm

    3038 Hennepin Ave Minneapolis, MN
    612-822-4611

Open Daily: 10am - 10pm | Alley-side Pickup: 10am - 7pm
3038 Hennepin Ave Minneapolis, MN
612-822-4611
The Categories (annotated)

The Categories (annotated)

Edghill, E. M.
Aristotle

Paperback

Philosophy

ISBN10: 1517788374
ISBN13: 9781517788377
Publisher: Createspace
Published: Oct 13 2015
Pages: 74
Weight: 0.24
Height: 0.15 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: English
The Categories is a text from Aristotle's Organon that enumerates all the possible kinds of things that can be the subject or the predicate of a proposition. They are perhaps the single most heavily discussed of all Aristotelian notions. The work is brief enough to be divided, not into books as is usual with Aristotle's works, but into fifteen chapters. The Categories places every object of human apprehension under one of ten categories (known to medieval writers as the Latin term praedicamenta). Aristotle intended them to enumerate everything that can be expressed without composition or structure, thus anything that can be either the subject or the predicate of a proposition. The antepraedicamenta[edit] The text begins with an explication of what is meant by synonymous, or univocal words, what is meant by homonymous, or equivocal words, and what is meant by paronymous, or denominative (sometimes translated derivative) words. It then divides forms of speech as being: Either simple, without composition or structure, such as man, horse, fights, etc. Or having composition and structure, such as a man fights, the horse runs, etc. Only composite forms of speech can be true or false. Then, Aristotle discusses semantical relations to develop four types of a subject using the foundational relationship between being said of a subject and being present in [present in does not define present as pieces to a whole, but rather existence contingent upon a subject] a subject. The four characterizations of a subject are understood whether a subject is said of (Universals), is not said of (Particulars), is present in (Accidental), is not present in (non-accidental).[3] In combination, a non-accidental, universals subject is referred to as Essential; where as a non-accidental, particulars subject is simply non-accidental.[4] The four characterizations create four classification permutations: 1. Accidental Universals - said of and present in - for example, while knowledge is present in the human mind, one can have the knowledge (said of) of grammar. 2. Essential Universals - said of and not present in - refers to a general subject, but cannot be present in a unit of the subject; like man, horse, animal. 3. Accidental Particulars - not said of and present in - for example, a certain point of grammatical knowledge is present in a subject, but it cannot designate a subject. 4. Non-Accidental Particulars - not said of and not present in (defines Primary Substances - covered under Substances) - Aristotle views that which is individual and has the character of a unit is neither said of or present in of a subject.

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