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The Phospholipases

The Phospholipases

Paperback

Series: Handbook of Lipid Research, Book 5

Chemistry

ISBN10: 1468453556
ISBN13: 9781468453553
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: Mar 19 2012
Pages: 348
Weight: 1.24
Height: 0.73 Width: 6.69 Depth: 9.61
Language: English
Phospholipases are a class of ubiquitous enzymes that have in common their substrate and the fact that they are all esterases. Beyond that, they are a diverse group of enzymes that fall into two broad categories, the acyl hydro- lases and the phosphodiesterases. The former group is made up of the phos- pholipases Al and A, phospholipase B, and the lysophospholipases. On the 2 other hand, the phosphodiesterases are the phospholipases C and D. The scheme indicates the site of attack of each type of phospholipase. PLA 1 PLB j ft 0\ -C-O-C-R d 2 I 1 R-C-0-C-H 0 2 /H2-6-0-U-0-x PLA, 6- ' PLC PLD The lysophospholipases, not shown, have in some cases properties similar to phospholipase B and are known to attack the acyl ester at either position 1 or position 2 of the glycerol backbone. Furthermore, some of the phos- pholipases C and D do not hydrolyze phosphoglycerides but use sphingo- myelinase as their substrate. These phospholipases C are also referred to as sphingomyelinases. The products of that reaction are phosphocholine plus ceramide.

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Chemistry