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  • Open Daily: 10am - 10pm
    Alley-side Pickup: 10am - 7pm

    3038 Hennepin Ave Minneapolis, MN
    612-822-4611

Open Daily: 10am - 10pm | Alley-side Pickup: 10am - 7pm
3038 Hennepin Ave Minneapolis, MN
612-822-4611
Trends in Boson Research

Trends in Boson Research

Ling, A. V.

Hardcover

Physics

Currently unavailable to order

ISBN10: 1594545219
ISBN13: 9781594545214
Publisher: Nova Science Pub Inc
Pages: 234
Language: English
Bosons are particles which form totally-symmetric composite quantumstates. As a result, they obey Bose-Einstein statistics. Thespin-statistics theorem states that bosons have integer spin. Bosonsare also the only particles which can occupy the same state asanother. All elementary particles are either bosons or fermions. Gaugebosons are elementary particles which act as the carriers of thefundamental forces such as the W vector bosons of the weak force, thegluons of the strong force, the photons of the electromagnetic force, and the graviton of the gravitational force. Particles composed of anumber of other particles (such as protons or nuclei) can be eitherfermions or bosons, depending on their total spin. Hence, many nucleiare in fact bosons

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