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Léxico y semántica: nuevas aportaciones teóricas y aplicadas
Paperback
Series: Stockholm Studies in Romance Languages (Ssirl), Book 9
ISBN13: 9789176352397
Publisher: Stockholm University Press
Published: Mar 26 2024
Pages: 318
Weight: 0.81
Height: 0.67 Width: 5.50 Depth: 8.50
Language: Spanish
De hecho, el tema del léxico y de la semántica ha sido abordado desde la óptica etimológica y filológica hasta la lingüÃstica computacional y la traductologÃa pasando por la morfologÃa y la sintaxis en su relación con la significación. Tampoco se ha cernido a lenguas comunes, emparentadas o de la misma zona geográfica, sino que están representadas otras extracentrales como el sueco o el japonés y el árabe.
Desde la perspectiva etimológica se han presentado contribuciones sobre la parasÃntesis preposicional y preverbiación, asà como las formaciones parasintéticas verbales. El aspecto diacrónico de la semántica, marginada hasta muy finales de los años 1960, es la visión con la cual se ha enfocado el cambio léxico, las series etimológicas y la tensión entre innovación y tradición en los cambios léxico-semánticos.
Desde esta misma perspectiva diacrónica, junto con las teorÃas lingüÃsticas de la recepción, se ha estudiado la recepción de las piezas léxicas y el cambio semántico, asà como la opacidad etimológica y el deslizamiento significativo. Estos cambios etimológicos, deslizamientos y desviaciones semánticos solo se pueden estudiar de forma productiva diacrónicamente para el lexicón, y diacrónica y pragmáticamente para el léxico en uso.
El estudio del léxico, desde este enfoque, cumple con dos requisitos fundamentales en las descripciones lingüÃsticas: la dimensión histórica general y diacrónica y la sincrónica actual; la sistémica léxica (de diccionario) y la usual social (lenguaje en uso). Asà es como se puede entender que podamos encontrar en esta obra no solo el léxico latino y español, sino un glosario de 1600, además de ejemplos del japonés y del árabe. Asimismo, existen igualmente descripciones conceptuales y terminológicas referidas al léxico y al contacto de lenguas en los lenguajes de especialidad, especialmente el inglés y el francés. En estos análisis terminológicos se pueden apreciar caracterÃsticas definitorias muy marcadas, particularmente en lo referente al registro tecnocientÃfico y el lenguaje jurÃdico.
Las onomatopeyas, elementos semiléxicos condicionados semánticamente, se han estudiado desde el punto de vista de la lingüÃstica contrastiva no centrándose exclusivamente en el aspecto intralingüÃstico, sino también extralingüÃstico.
La distribución semántica de los constituyentes periféricos de izquierda y de derecha es igualmente una de las grandes aportaciones de este libro donde el corpus de análisis es una compilación de producciones lingüÃsticas de usuarios muy avanzados de español L2.
Se ha estudiado igualmente el cambio de significado en la traducción y la problemática que genera la traducción de los fraseologismos religiosos en el marco de la interpretación judicial, con implicaciones que van más allá del significado convencional de diccionario para incidir en los condicionamientos ideológicos del significado.
El léxico de las emociones y el discurso fraseológico está igualmente presente en esta obra abordándose el tema desde la perspectiva cognitiva.
No falta, por supuesto, la perspectiva informática y computacional del procesamiento del lenguaje natural, especÃficamente cuando implica la traducción automática, y últimamente la interpretación automática. De hecho, uno de los acercamientos a los análisis semánticos es la exploración de la traducibilidad de casos especÃficos del lenguaje natural por algunos programas de traducción automática.
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