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La invención de-La invención del pueblo judÃo
Paperback
Publisher: Independently Published
Published: Mar 29 2026
Pages: 180
Weight: 0.50
Height: 0.45 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Spanish
La obra La invención del pueblo judÃo de Shlomo Sand ha influido en ámbitos académicos, polÃticos y culturales al proponer que el pueblo judÃo es una construcción moderna surgida del nacionalismo europeo, cuestionando asà la continuidad histórica bÃblica de Israel. Sin embargo, esta tesis presenta un problema central: excluye deliberadamente el marco teológico que da origen y sentido a los textos y a la identidad de Israel, reduciendo la historia bÃblica a mito y sustituyendo a Israel por una categorÃa meramente sociológica.
En este primer tomo -limitado al análisis hasta la página 88 de la famosa obra- se evidencia que el autor, desde una postura atea, niega el Éxodo y redefine tanto el Antiguo como el Nuevo Testamento como construcciones mÃticas, incurriendo además en falacias lógicas, sesgos y falta de rigor metodológico. Frente a esto, la presente obra parte de una premisa fundamental: Israel no puede entenderse al margen de su dimensión teológica, pues antes que una nación polÃtica es un pueblo constituido por pacto y revelación divina.
Ignorar este marco no es neutralidad académica, sino una decisión interpretativa que distorsiona las conclusiones. Por ello, este análisis no pretende ser un ataque personal, sino una evaluación crÃtica de los supuestos de Sand, especialmente su omisión del Israel bÃblico de las doce tribus y la confusión entre judÃos e israelitas. AsÃ, se busca evidenciar los lÃmites de una historiografÃa que intenta desmontar una identidad teológica sin considerar la teologÃa misma.
Hasta este punto, el autor no demuestra de forma concluyente sus afirmaciones, apoyándose más en presuposiciones ideológicas que en evidencia sólida, recurriendo incluso a la falacia del silencio. En contraste, se afirma que toda interpretación parte de presupuestos de fe: mientras Sand deposita su confianza en un relato histórico materialista, esta obra se fundamenta en la fidelidad de Dios y en la coherencia del relato bÃblico.
Finalmente, resulta significativo que la obra de Sand se sustente en categorÃas propias del materialismo histórico, vinculadas a la tradición del Karl Marx, donde la conciencia y la identidad se explican a partir de procesos materiales y no de realidades trascendentes. Este enfoque, al prescindir de Dios como fundamento, condiciona de antemano sus conclusiones y refuerza una lectura ideológica que pretende reinterpretar a Israel fuera de su propia autocomprensión bÃblica.
En definitiva, el intento de presentar a Israel como una invención carece de sustento probatorio suficiente y responde más a un marco ideológico -de carácter materialista- que a un análisis histórico integral.
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