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The Rise and Fall of the Fifth Force: Discovery, Pursuit, and Justification in Modern Physics

The Rise and Fall of the Fifth Force: Discovery, Pursuit, and Justification in Modern Physics

Hardcover

Astronomy & SpacePhysics

ISBN10: 3319284118
ISBN13: 9783319284118
Publisher: Springer
Published: Mar 14 2016
Pages: 249
Weight: 1.20
Height: 0.63 Width: 6.14 Depth: 9.21
Language: English
This book provides the reader with a detailed and captivating account of the story where, for the first time, physicists ventured into proposing a new force of nature beyond the four known ones - the electromagnetic, weak and strong forces, and gravitation - based entirely on the reanalysis of existing experimental data.

Back in 1986, Ephraim Fischbach, Sam Aronson, Carrick Talmadge and their collaborators proposed a modification of Newton's Law of universal gravitation. Underlying this proposal were three tantalizing pieces of evidence: 1) an energy dependence of the CP (particle-antiparticle and reflection symmetry) parameters, 2) differences between the measurements of G, the universal gravitational constant, in laboratories and in mineshafts, and 3) a reanalysis of the Eötvos experiment, which had previously been used to show that the gravitational mass of an object and its inertia mass were equal to approximately one part in a billion. The reanalysis revealed that, contrary to Galileo's position, the force of gravity was in fact very slightly different for different substances. The resulting Fifth Force hypothesis included this composition dependence and also added a small distance dependence to the inverse-square gravitational force.

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Franklin, Allan

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Physics