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Kindertageseinrichtungen Mit U3-Betreuung: Kosteneinflussfaktoren Und -Kennwerte
Hardcover
Series: Schriftenreihe Bauökonomie, Book 2
Business GeneralReal EstateGeneral Political Science
ISBN13: 9783110443455
Publisher: de Gruyter Oldenbourg
Published: Aug 14 2015
Pages: 290
Weight: 1.46
Height: 0.69 Width: 6.69 Depth: 9.61
Language: German
Neben den Landeshaushalten tragen die städtischen Haushalte gro e Teile der Daseinsvorsorge, die auch die Grundversorgung mit Bildungseinrichtungen umfasst. Über das Konnexitätsprinzip wurde der Rechtsanspruch für Betreuungsplätze auf Bundesebene verabschiedet und die Aufgabe der Erfüllung dieses Anspruches auf die Kommunen übertragen. Die bereitzustellende Betreuungsleistung belastet die Haushalte weiter und erfordert zur Deckung der Kosten einen Finanzausgleich, höhere Gebühren und eine gezielte Kostenoptimierung.
Um angesichts des steigenden Kostendrucks handlungsfähig zu bleiben, müssen die Träger die kostenverursachenden Nutzungen ganzheitlich betrachten. Hier setzt die vorliegende empirische Arbeit an, indem die Gebäudenutzungsart Kindertageseinrichtung analysiert wird. Mit Hilfe eines Literaturstudiums werden die Variablen herausgearbeitet und in folgende Eigenschaftsklassen gegliedert: Eigenschaften - Nutzung/Betrieb, - Gebäude, - Technik, - Grundstück, - Standort und - weitere Faktoren.
Insgesamt werden 125 kommunale Kindertageseinrichtungen (Kita) in 12 Städten erhoben. Die Umsetzung des integralen Analyseansatzes erfolgt, indem alle relevanten Bereiche über die Nutzung mit Betriebsform, das vorhandene Betreuungspersonal, die Gebäudeflächen, den Gebäudezustand und die Nutzungskosten nach DIN 18960 erfasst werden. Zusätzliche Informationen werden aus Interviews mit Mitarbeitern der Gebäudewirtschaftsämter und Nutzern generiert. Die Untersuchung umfasst die Beziehungen, die zwischen den Nutzungsanforderungen eines Kita-Betriebes, den Gebäudeeigenschaften und den Folgekosten bestehen. Über die Ergebnisse der deskriptiven Statistik und der Regressionsanalysen werden Kostenkennwerte und Einflussfaktoren herausgearbeitet.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die vorliegenden Nutzungs-/Betriebsformen der Kita die Kosten ma geblich beeinflussen. Merkmale, die zur Erhöhung des Betreuungsstandards führen, zeigen einen kostensteigernden Einfluss auf die Betriebs- und Instandsetzungskosten. Diese Merkmale sind beispielsweise Öffnungszeiten, Anzahl der Betriebstage oder Anzahl der Gruppen. Von Gebäudeseite sind als Einflussgrö en die Gebäudeflächen oder das Gebäudealter zu nennen. Steigt dieses steigen auch die jährlichen Betriebs- und Instandsetzungskosten. Die Betrachtung der Gesamtfolgekosten eines Kitabetriebes zeigt, dass die vom Gebäudemanagement direkt beeinflussbaren Kosten bei etwa 6 Prozent liegen. Dagegen liegt der Anteil der Kosten für das Kita-Personal bei etwa 83 Prozent. Obwohl der Gro teil der Kosten durch das Personal verursacht wird, können diese meist nicht ohne Qualitätsverlust optimiert werden. Dagegen besteht im Bereich der Gebäudenutzungskosten Optimierungspotential, das durch die Anpassung der Gebäudemanagementstrategien über die gewonnen Erkenntnisse aus den Einflussfaktoren umgesetzt werden kann.
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