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Factors Affecting the Removal of Ammonia from Air on Carbonaceous Materials: Investigation of Reactive Adsorption Mechanism
Hardcover
Series: Springer Theses
Technology & EngineeringChemistryEnvironmental Studies
ISBN13: 9781461433927
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: Mar 7 2012
Pages: 120
Weight: 0.75
Height: 0.60 Width: 6.10 Depth: 9.10
Language: English
concerns of our modern world owing to its detrimental effect on the environment. To tackle this growing issue, efficient ways to reduce/control the release of pollutants are required. Adsorption of gases on porous materials appears as a potential solution. However, the physisorption of small molecules of gases such as ammonia is limited at ambient conditions. For their removal, adsorbents providing strong adsorption forces must be used/developed.
The results obtained indicate that ammonia removal is governed by the adsorbent's surface chemistry. On the contrary, porosity (and thus physisorption) plays a secondary role in this process, unless strong dispersive forces are provided by the adsorbent. The surface chemistry features responsible for the enhanced ammonia adsorption include the presence of oxygen-(carboxyl, hydroxyl, epoxy) and sulfur- (sulfonic) containing groups. Metallic species improve the breakthrough capacity as well as they lead to the formation of Lewis acid-base interactions, hydrogen-bonding or complexation. In addition to the latter three mechanisms, ammonia is retained on the adsorbent surface via Br nsted acid-base interactions or via specific reactions with the adsorbent's functionalities leading to the incorporation of ammonia intothe adsorbent's matrix. Another mechanism involves dissolution of ammonia in water when moisture is present in the system. Even though this process increases the breakthrough capacity of a material, it provides rather weak retention forces since ammonia dissolved in water is easily desorbed from the adsorbent's surface.
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