Computational Statistics: Artificial Neural Network, Linear Least Squares, Bootstrapping, Multivariate Kernel Density Estimation

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 41. Chapters: Artificial neural network, Linear least squares, Bootstrapping, Multivariate kernel density estimation, Radial basis function network, Types of artificial neural networks, Particle filter, Bootstrapping populations, Group method of data handling, Markov chain Monte Carlo, Twisting properties, Stochastic gradient descent, Spiking neural network, Bootstrap error-adjusted single-sample technique, Control variates, Antithetic variates, Bootstrap aggregating, Isomap, Semidefinite embedding, Reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo, Continuity correction, Owen's T function, Auxiliary particle filter, FastICA. Excerpt: An artificial neural network (ANN), usually called neural network (NN), is a mathematical model or computational model that is inspired by the structure and/or functional aspects of biological neural networks. A neural network consists of an interconnected group of artificial neurons, and it processes information using a connectionist approach to computation. In most cases an ANN is an adaptive system that changes its structure based on external or internal information that flows through the network during the learning phase. Modern neural networks are non-linear statistical data modeling tools. They are usually used to model complex relationships between inputs and outputs or to find patterns in data. An artificial neural network is an interconnected group of nodes, akin to the vast network of neurons in the human brain. The original inspiration for the term Artificial Neural Network came from examination of central nervous systems and their neurons, axons, dendrites, and synapses, which constitute the processing elements of biological neural networks investigated by neuroscience. In an artificial neural network, simple artificial nodes, variously called neurons, neurodes, processing elements (PEs) or...