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论美国--历史在这里拐了个弯: On America: History Took a Turn Here
Paperback
Series: 梁中堂文集, Book 2
21st Century United States HistoryGeneral World History
Publisher Price: $35.00
Publisher: Bouden House 博登书屋
Published: Mar 31 2026
Pages: 312
Weight: 0.92
Height: 0.70 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Chinese
这本书《论美国》并非典型的研究或叙述性著作。它源于研究日本问题，特别是中日钓鱼岛争端，本是《论日本》的副产品。作者起初视日美为遵守国际公约的现代文明国家，以为领土纠纷是误会，后研究发现那是战后美军占领日本期间，日本政府有意设局给美国。
罗斯福与丘吉尔虽有时代局限，但作为最早发展商品生产与市场经济的先进国家代表，在人类历史转折与进步反动决战的关键时刻，他们主导的《大西洋宪章》代表全人类利益，体现资本主义与市场经济的核心精神。
二战末期，以罗斯福为首的同盟国领袖规划以主权民族国家为基础的联合国，设想战后由美、英、苏、中、法等大国主导，和平协商国际事务，永久消除战争。罗斯福推动建立关贸总协定（后演变为WTO）、国际货币基金组织、世界银行等机构，促进世界市场与和平经济发展。
罗斯福不仅有宏大蓝图，更有魄力与能力将其落实：联合国宪章明确禁止成员国缔结不受其制约的组织；他制定战后美军全球撤军与复员计划，在雅尔塔会议上承诺欧洲驻军不超过两年；推动军转民经济转型；严格控制军人不得干预政府事务；与丘吉尔、斯大林建立战时友谊，确保战后合作。若非罗斯福1945年4月突然去世，战后世界或大不同。
杜鲁门继任后，这些规划大多被改变或放弃。美国总统制本质上由总统个人负责，而非英国式内阁制。罗斯福时期，国务卿赫尔回忆几乎无正式内阁会议，仅有家庭式聚餐；海军部长李海回忆也无罗斯福主持的军事会议。他一人掌控全局，军事领袖仅为执行者。罗斯福才是真正的总司令，其去世中断了战后和平蓝图的实现。
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