9th Century in Africa: 9th-Century Monarchs in Africa, Ghana Empire, Swahili City-States, Zanzibar, Mombasa, Jews of Bilad El-Sudan

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 34. Chapters: 9th-century monarchs in Africa, Ghana Empire, Swahili city-states, Zanzibar, Mombasa, Jews of Bilad el-Sudan, Pate Island, Sofala, Koumbi Saleh, Lamu, Barawa, Quelimane, Pemba Island, Ahmad ibn Tulun, Mafia Island, Kilwa Kisiwani, Island of Mozambique, Malindi, Idris II, Georgios I of Makuria, Tunka Manin, Zacharias III of Makuria, Yahya ibn Muhammad, Ali ibn Idris, Harun of Tulunids, Abu l-Ashir of Tulunids, Khumarawaih ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun, Muhammad ibn Idris, Ali ibn Umar, Yahya ibn Al-Qassim, Yahya ibn Yahya, Ali Baba of Makuria. Excerpt: Zanzibar (; Persian:, from suffix b r: coast and Zangi: bruin (iron after rust); Arabic: ) is a semi-autonomous part of the United Republic of Tanzania, in East Africa. It comprises the Zanzibar Archipelago in the Indian Ocean, 25-50 kilometres (16-31 mi) off the coast of the mainland, and consists of numerous small islands and two large ones: Unguja (the main island, informally referred to as Zanzibar), and Pemba. Other nearby island countries and territories include Comoros and Mayotte to the south, Mauritius and Reunion to the far southeast, and the Seychelles Islands about 1,500 km to the east. Arab and Portuguese traders visited the region in early times, and it was controlled by Omanis in the 18th and 19th centuries. Britain established a protectorate (1890) that became an independent sultanate in December 1963 and a republic after an uprising in January 1964. In April 1964 it joined Tanganyika to form a new republic that was renamed Tanzania in October 1964. (Frommers, 2002) The capital of Zanzibar, located on the island of Unguja, is Zanzibar City, and its historic centre, known as Stone Town, is a World Heritage Site. Zanzibar's main industries are spices, raffia, and tourism. In particular, the islands produce cloves, nutmeg, cinnamon and pepper. For ...