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功与罪
Paperback
ChineseLiterary CriticismFiction Anthologies
ISBN13: 9781683726036
Publisher: Dixie W Publishing Corporation
Published: Jan 8 2024
Pages: 258
Weight: 0.84
Height: 0.58 Width: 6.00 Depth: 9.00
Language: Chinese
作者今年（2023年）99岁。90年前，作者的幼儿和小学阶段多半是在四川成渝两地度过的。那時正是四川軍閥混战的年代。
川軍的前身是清末訓練的新兵。民国時期，先後拥現出刘湘、刘文輝、熊克武、杨森等势力较大的軍阀。他们在各自的势力範圍內，种鴉片，販鴉片。超越時日地抽捐征稅，盘剝百姓。民国二十多年已征稅到民国四十多年。在这同時，他们又扩軍备战，强夺地盘，互相混战數十年，把四川和西康兩省的老百姓打得民穷财尽流离失所。那時，川軍给人们的印像是專门打內战的大煙兵。老百姓輕篾地称他们為兵痞、兵油子或丘八。
他们瘦骨嶙峋，滿身虱子，一年四季只能足踏草鞋。軍上衣肮脏襤褸，軍下装破旧得常露出屁股洞。洞字与灯字音相近，人們就称川軍每人都有两盏燈，一是屁股灯，一是大煙灯。他们每人肩背破長槍，腰纏短煙槍，所以又称他们每人都有两杆槍。久而久之，两盏灯和两枝槍就成為川軍的代名詞了。据称，他们在战场上必先抽足煙癮，才有劲爬出战壕冲锋陷陣。武器装备落后，軍事素貭低劣，他们当然就被称為最糟的軍队。
他们生來就是大煙兵就是兵痞吗？当然不是！他们或是被抓來的壯丁，或是被軍阀们盘剝得穷途潦倒无法生活的赤贫汉子，不得不來吃粮当兵。一旦当了兵，就成了軍阀们內战的工具，成了他们争权夺利的犧牲品。如果这些赤貧汉子忍受不了这种奴隸生活而逃亡，逃兵被逮回照例要被处死。处死時不用槍斃，因為当時子彈少而贵，而是把逃兵拉到馬路上用扁担斫死。我小時常在半夜被附近馬路上的惨叫求饒声惊醒，心里难受得久久不能入睡。
就是这样的川軍在1937年抗日战争爆发时立即出兵30万赶赴前綫。隨後八年间补充 到各战区的川軍将士多达260万人，向全国提供了百分之20的兵员。他们東穿巫峡北出劍门，足跡遍佈13省市，参加了28个大型会战，包括淞护会战、台儿莊会战和武汉会战。守护了五分之一的国土。正面战场
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